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1452 Feb-
March Duke of York's "rebellion" at Dartford, Kent. Duke of
Somerset rules the King.
1453 Battle
of Castillion, France. Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury killed and army
defeated. King Henry VI suffers a total mental collapse by 10th August
1454 Duke
of York made Lord Protector and is in the post until February 1455.
Somerset arrested.
1455
22nd
May Battle of 1st St. Albans nr London. Yorkist party victory. Duke of
Somerset and Earl of Northumberland killed. King Henry captured. Duke of
York second protectorate (19th November- 25th February 1456).
1459
23rd
September, Battle of Blore Heath nr Stoke -on-Trent. Yorkist party
victory, Lord Audley killed, 12th-13th October, Rout of Ludfor Bridge.
Ludlow in Shropshire. Lancastrian party victory. Duke of York
flees to Ireland & Nevilles flee to Calais.
1460 26th
June, earls of Warwick, March and Salisbury land in Kent and march on
London. 10th July battle of Northampton, Duke of Buckingham, earls
of Shrewsbury and Devon killed. King Henry VI captured.
Richard Duke of York back in England by October, when he claimed the
crown. Earl of March accepted as new heir to throne. 30th
December, battle of Wakefield, Duke of York, earls of Rutland and
Salisbury killed. Lancastrian party victory.
1461 2nd
February, battle of Mortimers Cross nr Wigmore. Yorkist party victory.
17th February 2nd battle of St.Albans, King Henry VI captured by
Lancastrian party who have the victory. Earl of March declared
King Edward IV. 28th March battle of Ferrybridge, Lord Clifford
killed, Yorkist victory, 29th March, battle of Towton 28,000
killed, Yorkist victory.
1462 February,
arrest and execution of earl of Oxford for treason. Northumbrian castles
held by Lancastrian garrisons under siege and surrendered. Thomas
Burgh Knighted.
1463
Spring
- Summer, Northumbriam castles captured by Lancastrian forces. Henry
Duke of Somerset defects to the Yorkists. Thomas Burgh marries
Margaret Roos, step sister of Duke of Somerset.
1464
25th
April, battle of Hedgely Moor, Northumbria Yorkist victory, 14th May,
battle of Hexham, Northumbria, Duke of Somerset captured and
executed after defecting to Lancastrians. Yorkist victory. June,
last Northumbrian castle captured. Lord Roos (brother of Lady Burgh) and
Lord Tailboys executed.
1465
June,
King Henry VI captured at Bungerly-Hippingstones near Waddington Hall,
Lancashire and taken to Tower of London.
1468
Treason
scares, arrests and executions.
1469
Neville
backed rebellion in North Yorkshire. 26th July, battle of Edgecote near
Banbury, Oxfordshire. Neville faction victory, earls of
Pembroke and Devon executed. King Edward IV prisoner of Richard
Neville earl of Warwick. Sir Thomas Burgh one of the Kings Knights who
releases the King and takes him to York.
1470
Lincolnshire
uprising. Neville and Duke of Clarence backed insurrection, starting
with attack on Sir Thomas Burghs manor house by Lord Welles. 12th
March, battle of Empingham nr Stamford, Yorkist victory (known as
Losecote Field). Duke of Clarence and earl of Warwick flee to
France. July - August, earl of Warwick reconciled to Margaret of Anjou,
ex Queen of England. 3rd September, Lancastrian forces led by
Warwick invade England. Edward IV wrong footed, flees to Burgundy.
6th October King Henry VI now released from The Tower.
1471
14th
March, King Edward IV lands at Ravenspur nr Hull and re-assumes power on
11th April. Sir Thomas Burgh amongst the first to join Edwards standard.
Heny VI taken into custody in London and on the 14th April, Battle of
Barnet fought, Yorkist victory, earl of Warwick killed, earl of
Oxford and Viscount Beaumont flee to Scotland. King Edward marches for
Bristol and engages second Lancastrian army on 4th May at Tewkesbury,
another Yorkist victory, Henry VI's son killed, Queen Margaret captured.
Henry VI dies in the Tower of London.
1473
The
Lancastrian rebel earl of Oxford and William, Viscount Beaumont attack
and take castle of St. Micheals Mount, Cornwall. Local Yorkist forces
besiege them.
1474
15th
February, the earl of xford and Viscount Beaumont negotiate a surrender
with Edwars IV, Oxfrd is sent to Hammes castle in the Calais pale and
Beaumont is sent to the Tower of London.
1475
England
invades France. Sir Thomas Burgh with the King. French buy the British
off after the Duke of Burgundy fails to support invasion. Henry, Duke of
Exeter (prisoner since battle of Barnet) drowns during return voyage to
England
1478
Arrest
and execution of King Edward IV's brother. George Duke of Clarence
(supposedly drowned in a vat of Malmesey wine). Sir Thomas Burgh granted
lands and rents in Boston, lost by Clarence.
1483
9th
April, King Edward IV dies. 4th May, King Edward V arrives in London
with his uncle Richard Duke of Gloucester. Gloucester made Protector.
Gloucester has Lord Hastings executed, Lord Stanley and Bishop Morton
arrested on 13th June. 16th June Gloucester declared King Richard III
after deposing his nephew. Edward V and his younger brother Richard,
Duke of York dissappear whilst held prisoner in The Tower of London.
Duke of Buckinghams rebellion put down by King Richard's forces. Sir
Thomas Burgh granted rebel lands for his support.
1484
Sir
Thomas Burgh engaged in negotiations to secure return of Henry, earl of
Richmond (last remaining Lancastrian claimant to English throne). Duke
of Brittany refuses to hand him over and Richmond escapes kidnap attempt.
1485
22nd
August, Battle of Bosworth Field fought near Leicester. Richard III
killed and Henry Tudor, earl of Richmond declared King Henry VII. Sir
Thomas Burgh, although made knight-of-the-garter by Richard, does not
support him. Viscount Beaumont released from The Tower of London.
1486
Marriage
of Henry VII to Edward IV's eldest daughter, Elizabeth of York.
1487
16th
June, Battle of Stoke Field near Newark, Nottinghamshire (last real
battle of the wars of the roses). Earl of Lincoln killed, Sir Thomas
Burghs eldest son, Edward, knighted on the field by Henry VII. Sir
Thomas Burgh called to Parliament by King Henry as Thomas, 1st Baron
Burgh of Gainsborough.
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